Learn how winds change scent trails, why it confuses pet dogs, and when handlers and instructors should adapt, support, or call it off.
Trailing is already a thinking game for dogs. Add wind, and suddenly the neat, invisible ribbon of scent you imagined looks more like someone’s thrown a confetti cannon into a hurricane. At gusts, it isn’t just “harder” it’s a whole new environment. For new teams, for nervous dogs, and for handlers trying to make sense of it, strong wind can be a deal breaker.
So, let’s dig into what wind really does to scent, why some dogs hate the bluster, when it’s safe to try and when it’s best to pack up and have a cuppa instead.
The Science Bit 🤓What Wind Does to Scent
Scent doesn’t travel in a neat line down the pavement. Even on calm days it moves in plumes, swirls, and eddies. Add wind, and here’s what happens:
Turbulence shreds the plume: At high speeds, the scent breaks into filaments little pockets of scent separated by gaps of clean air (Celani et al., 2014). To a dog, it’s like reading a book with half the pages missing.
Dilution and lift: Wind whisks scent particles upward and outward, diluting them and carrying them metres (sometimes tens of metres) from the trail (Oklahoma State Extension, 2023). That’s why you’ll see dogs suddenly air-scenting or veering off what looks like “the line.”
Meandering & bending: Wind shifts direction constantly, causing scent to bend, twist, and even double back (Farrell et al., 2002). Dogs may pick up strong scent pockets that are nowhere near the actual path.
Intermittency = stop–start: Instead of a steady “signal,” dogs get bursts of odor followed by blanks. Many species (including dogs) respond with surge-and-cast behaviour: charge forward when scent is strong, then zig-zag crosswind when it drops out (Vergassola et al., 2007).
Why It’s Too Confusing for New Teams
The trail doesn’t “behave”. Beginners expect the dog to follow a line. Wind makes that impossible. Instead of smooth tracking, they see zig-zags, looping, overshooting, or suddenly lifting noses. Handler confidence tanks. New handlers think their dog is “wrong” rather than problem solving. That doubt feeds back to the dog, making the whole experience stressful.
Information overload. Both handler and dog are working much harder: the dog has to resample constantly, and the handler has to interpret subtle shifts.
Bottom line: strong wind isn’t fair on a green team. It’s like teaching someone to swim during a tidal wave.
Nervous Dogs and Wind
Wind doesn’t just scramble scent it changes the whole sensory environment. Many instructors (me included) use trailing to help nervous or reactive dogs build confidence. But wind throws in extra hurdles:
Sound distortion: Wind amplifies and carries noises in odd ways. A bin lid banging, branches creaking, or distant traffic can suddenly sound “close,” startling nervous dogs not just noise sensitive dogs. Visual movement: Flapping signs, blowing leaves, litter skittering down the road for anxious dogs, this constant motion is overwhelming.
Loss of smell security: Nervous dogs rely heavily on scent as an anchor. When wind scatters it, their “safety net” disappears. This can increase stress and make them abandon the search.
Some dogs simply don’t like the sensation of strong wind on their ears and body much like we find it exhausting to walk into a gale.
Dangers of Training in Strong Wind
Frustration: Dogs may become stressed when they can’t “solve” the trail, especially if they’re new or nervous.
Handler error: Confused handlers may unintentionally pressure dogs or misinterpret behaviours.
Physical risks: Flying debris, falling branches, or just being buffeted can make sessions unsafe.
Shorter trails: Keep trails short and achievable so the dog feels successful.
Pick locations wisely: Use sheltered areas (woods, hedgerows, behind buildings) to buffer gusts.
Watch body language: Look for signs of stress — tucked tail, scanning, abandoning the scent. That’s your cue to call it a day.
Build resilience gradually: Expose dogs to mild breezes before tackling storm-force gusts.
And sometimes the best advice is: don’t try at all. If the wind is dangerous or clearly overwhelming your dog, it’s kinder and more productive to postpone.
Trailing should build confidence, not chip away at it.
Think of it this way:
Calm day trailing = following a breadcrumb trail. Windy day trailing = trying to follow the smell of chips through a funfair while a leaf blower is strapped to your head.
No one enjoys that. Well… except maybe Dozer.
Wind is one of nature’s biggest curveballs in scent work. For experienced handlers and instructors, it can feel like an exciting test of adaptability and teamwork. But we must remember: our dogs are not operational, cherry-picked working dogs they’re pets learning a sport.
For new or nervous teams, strong wind can be overwhelming, confusing, and sometimes unsafe. This is where instructors and handlers alike need to check their egos. It isn’t about “proving” we can finish the trail. It’s about supporting the dog in front of us.
The best instructors and handlers know when to push on, when to adapt, and when to call it off. Because at the end of the day, the goal isn’t ticking a box it’s building confidence, problem solving skills, and the partnership between handler and dog. Sometimes the bravest, kindest choice is simply to wait for calmer skies.
At the end of the day, our dogs aren’t here to serve us, we’re here to support them. Think of yourself as your dog’s pit crew reading the conditions, adjusting the set up, stepping in when things get too tough, and cheering them on when they shine.
They don’t need to “prove” anything in a gale, and neither do we. That’s real teamwork, putting the dog first and making sure every trail, windy or calm, leaves them more confident than when they started.
Bringing home a rescue dog is an incredibly rewarding experience, but let’s be honest sometimes it feels like you’ve just adopted a furry little question mark. One minute they’re cautiously sniffing around, and the next, they’re hiding behind the couch like it’s a zombie apocalypse. If your new pup is on the nervous side, don’t worry force-free training, tapping into the natural desires and patience can work wonders.
Meet Goose – My Own Rescue Success Story
Before we start, let me introduce you to Goose, my own rescue dog. When Goose first arrived, he was anxious and unsure of his new surroundings. With patience, positive reinforcement, and force-free training, he slowly blossomed into the confident (so of the time) and loving companion he is today. His journey inspired me to help other dogs adjust and thrive, which is a large part of the work DogHampton in Northamptonshire do, we are dedicated to force-free training and helping dogs build trust with their humans.
Once Goose had settled, we introduced track trailing as a way to build his confidence. This safe, on-lead activity allowed him to tap into his natural instincts to hunt and follow scents while giving him a structured way to engage with the world around him. Since he was securely on a lead, we didn’t have to worry about his lack of recall, and he absolutely thrived with this newfound job! Watching him follow a trail with excitement and determination was a game-changer in his journey toward confidence.
Step 1: Give Them Time to Decompress
Imagine you just moved to a foreign country where you don’t speak the language, the food is weird, and the locals (that’s you) keep staring at you expectantly. Overwhelming, right? That’s exactly how your rescue dog feels.
Create a quiet, cozy space where they can retreat.
Keep introductions slow—let them come to you instead of overwhelming them with affection.
Stick to a consistent routine to build a sense of security.
Step 2: Build Trust with Positive Reinforcement
Force-free training is the gold standard for gaining a nervous rescue dog’s trust. This means no yelling, no harsh corrections, and definitely no dominance-based techniques. Instead, let’s bribe I mean, motivate them with tasty rewards and praise.
Use high-value treats (think chicken, cheese, or whatever makes their tail wag like a propeller).
Mark and reward calm behaviours if they sit or make eye contact, praise them.
Respect their space forcing interaction can backfire. Let them approach you in their own time.
Step 3: Teach Basic Cues at Home
So, what’s the best way to train my dog at home? Short, positive sessions in a quiet environment. Nervous dogs thrive when they understand what’s expected of them, so start with simple cues.
Sit and Down – These give your dog something to focus on besides their worries.
Touch (target training) – Encourages engagement in a non-threatening way.
Mat training – Teaches them that their bed is a safe, rewarding place.
Step 4: Socialisation—At Their Pace
Rescue dogs often have a history, and we don’t always know the full story. That’s why socialisation should be gentle and gradual.
Start with low-distraction environments before heading to busier places.
Let them observe from a distance before encouraging interaction.
Keep interactions with other dogs and people short and positive.
Step 5: Addressing Fear-Based Behaviours
If your dog reacts nervously (barking, cowering, freezing), resist the urge to punish them. Instead:
Identify triggers and work on desensitisation.
Allow them to retreat from the trigger, build trust and become your dogs ‘safe space’.
Pair scary things with rewards (e.g., if they’re scared of the vacuum, give treats when it’s off and gradually when it’s on).
Use calming tools like snuffle mats, lick mats, or anxiety wraps.
Timing is crucial, contact a professional to help
Step 6: Be Patient, Celebrate Small Wins
Progress won’t always be linear some days, your dog will feel brave, and others, they might regress. That’s totally normal! Celebrate the small victories, whether it’s the first tail wag or finally venturing into the kitchen without hesitation.
Final Thoughts
Learning how to train a rescue dog isn’t about quick fixes it’s about building trust, confidence, and a lasting bond. Force-free training ensures they feel safe while learning the ropes of their new life. With patience, love, and a little humour, your rescue dog will go from nervous newbie to confident companion in no time!
Bonus Tip: If you’re feeling stuck, consider working with a force-free trainer who can offer guidance tailored to your dog’s unique needs. If you’re in Northamptonshire, DogHampton is here to help, just like we helped Goose!🐾
Mantrailing, the practice of using a dog’s extraordinary sense of smell to locate a specific person by following their unique scent trail, it has evolved from an essential tool for search and rescue to an exciting activity for pet owners. While professional mantrailing is widely known in fields like law enforcement and search and rescue operations, pet mantrailing allows regular dog owners to tap into their dogs’ innate abilities, turning it into a stimulating and fun exercise.
The Science Behind Mantrailing
Mantrailing is based on the fact that humans constantly shed skin cells, sweat, and other tiny particles that contain our individual scent profile. These scent particles, called rafts, float through the air and settle on the ground, creating a trail that a dog’s acute sense of smell can detect and follow.
Dogs have one of the most powerful olfactory systems in the animal kingdom, with 200 to 300 million scent receptors, compared to a human’s mere 5 million. Additionally, the part of a dog’s brain dedicated to processing smells is 40 times larger than in humans, enabling them to identify individual scents in a highly complex scent environment. This means that dogs can follow a specific person’s trail even in places where other humans or animals have been, and over various terrains such as forests, fields, and urban environments.
When a dog engages in mantrailing, it works by distinguishing the specific scent of the target person from all other smells in the environment. Dogs trained in mantrailing can follow these scent particles even hours or days after the person has passed through an area, as long as the environmental conditions such as wind, temperature, and humidity have not completely dispersed the scent.
The Origins of Mantrailing
Mantrailing as a practice has roots in early human history, but it became formalised as a technique in the 19th century. Bloodhounds, with their highly developed sense of smell, were used extensively in Europe for tracking escaped prisoners and lost individuals. Their natural tracking abilities made them highly effective in law enforcement and rescue missions.
One of the earliest recorded uses of mantrailing in a professional capacity was in Scotland in the 1800s, where Bloodhounds were employed to trail criminals. Around the same time, in the United States, Bloodhounds were famously used to track runaway slaves and later criminals. The technique spread rapidly across the world, becoming an essential tool in police work and search and rescue efforts.
Over time, other breeds, including German Shepherds, Belgian Malinois, and Labrador Retrievers, have been trained for mantrailing due to their strong scent detection abilities and intelligence. In recent years, mantrailing has moved beyond law enforcement and search and rescue to become a popular sport and recreational activity for pet owners.
Sport Mantrailing: A Modern Twist on an Ancient Skill
In sport mantrailing, regular pet dogs, rather than professional working dogs are trained to follow a specific human scent for recreational purposes. This form of mantrailing harnesses a dog’s natural scent-tracking instincts and channels them into an enjoyable and mentally stimulating activity.
While sport mantrailing is grounded in the same principles as professional mantrailing, it is often less formal and rigorous. Instead of searching for missing persons, dogs in pet mantrailing typically follow the scent of person just hiding. Sport mantrailing has become popular in Europe, particularly in Germany and the United Kingdom, where organised clubs and training courses have sprung up to teach dogs and their owners how to engage in the activity.
The Training Process
Training a dog for pet mantrailing starts with introducing the dog to a scent article, such as a piece of clothing that has been worn by the target person. The scent article contains the specific odour particles that the dog will be tasked with following. The dog then learns to search for the person who left the scent, starting with short, simple trails and gradually progressing to longer and more complex ones.
The key to successful mantrailing lies in a positive reinforcement training approach. Dogs are rewarded with treats, toys, or praise when they successfully locate the person they are trailing. This motivates them to engage in the activity with enthusiasm and improves their scent discrimination abilities.
Benefits of Sport Mantrailing
Sport mantrailing provides numerous benefits for both dogs and their owners:
Mental Stimulation: Dogs need mental challenges to stay happy and healthy, and mantrailing offers a perfect way to engage their brain. The process of searching for and following a scent requires intense focus, which helps tire them out mentally.
Physical Exercise: In addition to engaging a dog’s brain, mantrailing also provides physical exercise, as the dog has to move through different environments, sometimes at a fast pace, while following the scent trail.
Strengthens the Dog-Owner Bond: Mantrailing is a cooperative activity between the dog and its handler. It fosters a strong sense of teamwork, as the dog learns to rely on its handler’s cues while the handler learns to trust the dog’s scent detection abilities.
Confidence Building: Mantrailing can boost a dog’s confidence, particularly for shy or anxious dogs. Successfully finding the person at the end of the trail gives dogs a sense of accomplishment and encourages them to rely on their natural instincts.
All Breeds Can Participate: While professional mantrailing often focuses on breeds known for their scenting abilities (like Bloodhounds or German Shepherds), pet mantrailing is open to all breeds and sizes. From small terriers to large retrievers, any dog can enjoy mantrailing with the right training.
The Role of Scent and Environmental Factors
While dogs’ noses are incredibly powerful, the environment plays a significant role in their mantrailing success. Factors like wind direction, humidity, temperature, and the presence of other animals can influence how a dog follows a trail.
Wind can carry scent particles over long distances, helping or hindering a dog’s ability to detect the trail. A light breeze can help spread the scent in a way that is easier for the dog to follow, while strong winds may scatter scent particles in multiple directions, making the trail more challenging.
Humidity helps to preserve scent particles in the environment, making it easier for dogs to follow older trails. Dry conditions, on the other hand, can cause the scent to dissipate more quickly.
Temperature also impacts scent detection. Cooler temperatures tend to preserve scent longer, while hotter conditions can cause scent particles to rise and disperse more quickly.
Understanding these environmental factors is crucial for pet owners who want to engage in mantrailing, as it helps them work with their dog more effectively.
Summary
Sport mantrailing is a fascinating and enriching activity that allows dogs to use their natural abilities while providing physical and mental stimulation. Rooted in centuries of professional use, the modern adaptation of mantrailing for pets opens up new possibilities for dog owners to bond with their pets and engage in a fun, team-based activity. From its origins in law enforcement and search and rescue to its current role as a recreational activity for dog lovers worldwide, mantrailing continues to showcase the extraordinary capabilities of canine olfaction, offering benefits for both dogs and humans alike.
Mantrailing dogs have long been recognised for their remarkable ability to track human scent over long distances and diverse environments. The core of this ability lies in their sensitivity to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are emitted by the human body. Lauryn DeGreeff’s research delves into the chemistry of these VOCs and how they are transported through the environment, providing essential insights into the mechanics of canine olfactory tracking.
The Chemistry of Human VOCs
Human bodies constantly emit a variety of volatile organic compounds through processes such as sweating, respiration, and natural skin exfoliation. These VOCs include acids, alcohols, ketones, and aldehydes, which form a unique olfactory signature detectable by dogs. As DeGreeff’s research reveals, each person’s scent profile is distinct, influenced by genetics, diet, health, and environment. This makes it possible for mantrailing dogs to follow the specific scent of an individual despite competing odors in the environment.
To better understand this, DeGreeff employs headspace sampling and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyse the chemical composition of human scent. Through this approach, she has identified key VOCs that play a critical role in helping dogs distinguish human odor from background smells.
Vapor Transport Mechanics: How Human Scent Moves Through the Air
Once human VOCs are emitted from the body, they are carried into the environment through a process known as vapor transport. Vapor transport mechanics refer to how volatile compounds behave once they leave their source, in this case, the human body. Several key factors influence how these VOCs move through the air and are detected by dogs.
Temperature
Temperature significantly impacts vapor transport. Higher temperatures can cause human VOCs to evaporate more rapidly, enhancing the scent’s strength and making it easier for dogs to detect in the immediate vicinity. However, this also means that the scent may dissipate more quickly, becoming harder to follow over long distances. Conversely, in cooler temperatures, VOCs may evaporate more slowly but remain closer to the ground, allowing a more sustained scent trail for tracking.
Humidity
Humidity levels influence how long VOCs remain suspended in the air. In high-humidity environments, water vapor can trap VOCs, creating a “cloud” of scent that lingers close to the ground, which is ideal for dogs following a trail. On the other hand, in dry conditions, VOCs are more likely to dissipate quickly, reducing the overall strength of the scent trail.
Wind and Air Currents
Air movement, including wind speed and direction, plays a significant role in the distribution of VOCs. Strong winds can spread scent molecules over a broader area, forcing dogs to use cross-wind search patterns to locate the source of the scent. DeGreeff’s research indicates that experienced dogs are adept at compensating for such environmental factors, adjusting their search strategies to relocate dispersed VOCs.
Surface Interaction
The surface on which a person walks also affects how VOCs are deposited and re-released into the air. For example, porous surfaces like grass and dirt can absorb VOCs, slowly releasing them over time, which creates a more persistent scent trail. In contrast, harder surfaces such as concrete or asphalt may retain less scent, making tracking more difficult for the dog. DeGreeff’s research shows that dogs can still detect residual scents on such surfaces, though it often requires more effort and skill.
How Mantrailing Dogs Detect and Follow Human Scent
Mantrailing dogs are specially trained to detect the VOCs released by humans and follow the vapor trail, regardless of environmental conditions. Their noses are finely tuned to pick up even the smallest concentrations of VOCs, allowing them to detect scent trails that may be hours or even days old.
DeGreeff’s research highlights that dogs do not simply follow skin flakes or sweat droplets left behind by humans. Instead, they rely on the invisible vapor trail of VOCs that evaporate from a person’s body. This vapor trail is dynamic and interacts with the environment in complex ways, influenced by factors like temperature, wind, and terrain. Mantrailing dogs are trained to process these environmental cues and adjust their behaviour accordingly, making them incredibly effective in tracking over various terrains and conditions.
Human Scent and Thermal Lift
While DeGreeff’s research doesn’t explicitly focus on “thermal lift” as a distinct concept, the idea can be inferred from her studies on how temperature gradients affect vapor transport. Thermal lift occurs when warm air rises, carrying scent molecules upwards, potentially making it more challenging for dogs to detect scent at ground level. This is especially relevant in situations where scent trails may “lift” off the ground and disperse at higher altitudes, causing dogs to lose the scent temporarily. However, experienced dogs often compensate for this by circling back to re-locate the scent at a different elevation.
Synthetic Training Aids and Practical Applications
One of the key contributions of DeGreeff’s research is the development of synthetic training aids that replicate human VOCs. These training aids allow dogs to practice in controlled environments, where the concentration of VOCs can be adjusted to simulate real-world conditions, such as a faint scent trail in a windy or dry environment.
By studying vapor transport mechanics, DeGreeff helps optimise the preparation and usage of these training materials, ensuring they mimic the complex environmental factors dogs will encounter in the field. Her work also emphasises the importance of proper storage and handling of these aids to maintain their chemical integrity over time.
Summary
Lauryn DeGreeff’s research into VOC chemistry and vapor transport mechanics has significantly advanced our understanding of how mantrailing dogs detect and follow human scent. By exploring the interaction between human-emitted VOCs and environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and wind, DeGreeff’s work helps optimise the training and deployment of these dogs in real-world tracking scenarios. Her insights into vapor transport provide the foundation for improving canine performance, ensuring that mantrailing dogs remain at the forefront of search-and-rescue, law enforcement, and other scent-based detection fields.
In sum, the science behind mantrailing dogs’ success lies not just in their extraordinary olfactory abilities, but also in the nuanced understanding of how human VOCs behave in the natural world—a topic that DeGreeff’s research continues to illuminate.
Are you a looking for a unique and engaging activity to share with your dog? Look no further than mantrailing! This exciting and rewarding activity offers numerous benefits for both you and your dog. Unfortunately, there are some misconceptions floating around that may discourage potential enthusiasts. Fear not! In this blog, we will delve into the amazing benefits of mantrailing while debunking five common myths, including the notion that only certain breeds can excel in this activity.
Maya hot on the heels of her trail layer
Myth: Only certain breeds can trail. One of the most persistent myths about mantrailing is that only specific breeds possess the necessary skills to participate. In reality, any dog, regardless of breed or size, can learn to be a good mantrailer. While certain breeds may have natural instincts that make them excel in scent work, any dog can be trained to enjoy and succeed in mantrailing. It’s all about patience, consistency, and building a strong bond with your dog.
Myth: Mantrailing is only for highly energetic dogs. Another misconception is that only high-energy dogs can benefit from mantrailing. While it’s true that energetic dogs often enjoy this activity, it can also be a great outlet for dogs with lower energy levels. Mantrailing provides mental stimulation, encourages problem-solving skills, and promotes overall well-being. It’s a fantastic way to engage and challenge dogs of all energy levels while strengthening the bond between you and your pet.
Myth: Mantrailing is too complicated to learn. Some may think that mantrailing is a complex and challenging activity to teach their pets. However, with the right approach and guidance, mantrailing can be taught to dogs of all ages and skill levels. We will help you understand the basics, including teaching your dog to follow a specific scent, differentiate between scents, and work collaboratively with you. The key is to start with simple exercises and gradually build up skills through positive reinforcement and consistent practice.
Myth: Mantrailing is only for professional search and rescue dogs. While mantrailing is commonly associated with search and rescue work, it’s essential to recognise that this activity can also be enjoyed recreationally. Participating in mantrailing provides mental stimulation, offers an opportunity for dogs to utilise their natural instincts, and encourages physical exercise.
Myth: Mantrailing is time-consuming and requires extensive equipment. Contrary to popular belief, mantrailing can be adapted to fit your lifestyle. You don’t need elaborate equipment or hours of training sessions to enjoy this activity. Even short, regular sessions can provide significant benefits for your pet. With a few essential items like a long leash, harness, you can start your mantrailing adventure in no time. It’s a flexible activity that can be tailored to your schedule and preferences.
Mantrailing is a fantastic activity that offers numerous benefits for both you and your dog. By debunking these common myths, we hope to inspire pet owners to give mantrailing a try, regardless of their dog’s breed or energy level. The joy, mental stimulation, and strengthened bond you’ll experience with your pet are well worth the effort. So, grab your lead, follow the scent, and embark on an exciting mantrailing journey with your dog!
Check out the Doghampton Facebook page to start your journey.
Our dogs are not immune to stress. Just like humans, they can experience a range of emotional and physiological changes when faced with stressors. As responsible pet owners, it’s crucial to recognise these signs and understand the underlying science behind stress in dogs. Failure to recognise these very often leads to trigger stacking. (Check out our previous blog)
When dogs encounter stress, their bodies release stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline. These hormones trigger various physiological changes that impact their behaviour and overall well-being. A study conducted by Beerda et al. (1999) found that stress in dogs can lead to increased heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate. Additionally, elevated cortisol levels can affect the immune system and impair digestion, contributing to a host of health issues.
Some Behavioural Signals of Stress in Dogs:
Excessive Barking or Howling: Stressed dogs may resort to excessive vocalisation as a way to express their anxiety or discomfort.
Pacing or Restlessness: Restlessness, pacing back and forth, or an inability to settle down can indicate heightened stress levels in dogs.
Excessive Panting or Drooling: When dogs are stressed, they may exhibit increased panting or drooling, as these physiological responses help regulate their body temperature during stressful situations.
Tail Tucking between the Legs: A tucked tail is often a clear sign of fear or anxiety in dogs. It indicates their desire to withdraw or protect themselves from the stressor.
Dilated Pupils: Stress can cause a dog’s pupils to dilate as a result of the increased release of adrenaline, preparing their bodies for a potential threat.
Excessive Scratching or Licking: Stressed dogs may engage in excessive scratching or licking, as stress can trigger skin sensitivities and allergies.
Reduced Appetite or Sudden Weight Loss: Just like humans, dogs may experience a loss of appetite or sudden weight loss during stressful periods. Stress can affect their digestive system, leading to decreased interest in food.
Aggression or Growling: Stress can manifest as aggression or growling in dogs. This behaviour serves as a defensive mechanism to protect themselves from perceived threats.
Trembling or Shaking: Trembling or shaking is a common physical manifestation of stress in dogs, indicating their heightened emotional state.
Excessive Yawning: Dogs may yawn excessively when under stress. Yawning in this context is not necessarily due to tiredness but rather as a coping mechanism to release tension.
Hiding or Seeking Solitude: Stressed dogs may seek isolation or hide in confined spaces as a way to cope with stressors.
Excessive Shedding: Increased shedding can be a sign of stress in dogs, as the body responds to stress by shedding hair more rapidly.
Excessive Vocalization: Some dogs may become vocal when stressed, whining or whimpering to express their discomfort.
Destructive Behavior: Stress can lead to destructive behaviour in dogs, such as chewing on furniture, shoes, or other objects, as a way to alleviate their anxiety.
Excessive Lethargy: While some dogs may become restless when stressed, others may display excessive lethargy, appearing sluggish or uninterested in their usual activities.
Excessive Licking of Lips: Stressed dogs may frequently lick their lips or nose as a self-soothing behaviour to relieve stress.
Frantic neediness: trying to climb up you jumping up, over friendly clingy behaviours.
Excessive Salivation: Excessive salivation, often resulting in the dog having a wet or foamy mouth, can be a sign of stress or anxiety.
Sudden Changes in Bathroom Habits: Stress can cause dogs to have accidents indoors or experience changes in their bathroom habits, such as increased frequency or difficulty urinating or defecating.
Avoidance Behavior: Stressed dogs may actively avoid certain people, places, or situations that they associate with stress, seeking to distance themselves from potential stressors.
Recognising these behavioral signals is vital, as it allows us to address the underlying causes of stress in our dogs. Some common stressors for dogs include changes in their environment, separation anxiety, lack of physical or mental stimulation, noise phobias, or unfamiliar situations.
To alleviate stress in dogs, it’s essential to provide a safe and stress-free environment that meets their physical and emotional needs. This can include regular exercise, mental stimulation, a consistent routine, positive reinforcement training
Understanding the signs of stress in dogs is crucial for their overall well-being. By recognising these behavioural signals and addressing the underlying causes, we can help our dogs lead happier and healthier lives. Remember, each dog is unique, and stress manifests differently in individuals. If you suspect your dog is experiencing stress, consult a professional to develop a tailored approach that suits their specific needs. Let’s prioritise the mental and emotional health of our dogs!
References:
Beerda, B., Schilder, M. B., van Hooff, J. A., de Vries, H. W., & Mol, J. A. (1999). Chronic stress in dogs subjected to social and spatial restriction. II. Hormonal and immunological responses. Physiology & Behavior, 66(2), 243-254. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00327-7
As pet owners, we all want the best for our dogs. We shower them with love, attention, and care. However, one area that often goes overlooked is their diet. Feeding your dog a cheap dog food may seem like an economical choice, after all there must be regulations to ensure the standard of their food! right? Wrong! the dog food industry in the UK lacks stringent regulations, leaving a concerning gap in ensuring the quality and safety of the products we feed our pets. In this blog, we will explore the alarming lack of regulations in the UK dog food industry, citing specific cases of recalls, and uncovering the reasons behind this concerning issue.
1. The Absence of Adequate Regulations: The regulations governing pet food in the UK are significantly less rigorous compared to those imposed on human food. Currently, there is no specific legislation that sets out the minimum nutritional requirements or ingredients allowed in dog food. This lack of regulation allows for potential loopholes that could compromise the quality and safety of the products.
2. Ingredients Found in Dog Food and Associated Issues:
a. Fillers and By-Products: Some dog food manufacturers use fillers and by-products as cost-saving measures. These can include ingredients such as corn, wheat, soy, and meat by-products. While these ingredients may not pose an immediate danger, they lack the nutritional value necessary for a well-balanced diet, potentially leading to deficiencies and digestive issues in dogs.
b. Artificial Additives and Preservatives: Many dog foods contain artificial additives and preservatives to enhance flavour, colour, and shelf life. Some common additives include propylene glycol, BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole), BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene), and ethoxyquin. These additives have been linked to various health concerns such as allergies, organ damage, and even cancer in dogs.
c. Allergenic Ingredients: Certain dog food brands may contain ingredients that are known allergens for dogs, such as beef, chicken, dairy, or grains. Dogs with food allergies or sensitivities can experience symptoms like skin rashes, itching, gastrointestinal issues, and even chronic ear infections when exposed to these allergenic ingredients.
3. Recalls and Safety Concerns:
a. The 2007 Pet Food Recall: One of the most notorious cases of dog food recalls occurred in 2007 when contaminated ingredients from China led to the deaths of thousands of pets in the US. Although not directly related to UK regulations, this incident shed light on the potential risks associated with inadequate quality control and lack of transparency in the dog food industry.
b. The 2019 Taurine Deficiency Scare: In 2019, a worrying trend emerged as several dog breeds were diagnosed with taurine deficiency, a condition linked to heart disease. Investigations revealed that certain dog food brands contained insufficient levels of taurine, a crucial amino acid for canine health. This case highlighted the need for stricter regulations to ensure essential nutrients are present in dog food.
4. The Role of Self-Regulation: Currently, self-regulation plays a significant role in the UK dog food industry. Manufacturers are responsible for ensuring the quality and safety of their products, and adherence to voluntary guidelines such as those set by the European Pet Food Industry Federation (FEDIAF). However, relying solely on self-regulation poses inherent limitations and potential conflicts of interest, compromising the well-being of our pets.
5. The Path Towards Improvement: Recognising the need for change, various organisations and pet food manufacturers have been advocating for stricter regulations in the UK. Calls for mandatory labelling, clearer ingredient disclosure, and nutritional standards have gained momentum, aiming to provide pet owners with greater transparency and peace of mind.
Can this effect behaviour or just health?
The absence of stringent regulations in the UK dog food industry raises concerns about the quality and safety of the products we feed our four-legged companions. Ingredients found in some dog foods, such as fillers, artificial additives, and allergenic substances, can lead to nutritional deficiencies, allergies, and other health issues in dogs. Combined with cases of recalls and safety concerns, this emphasizes the pressing need for stronger regulations to protect our pets’ health. As responsible pet owners, it is essential to stay informed, demand transparency, and support initiatives that aim to improve the regulations surrounding dog food manufacturing. Together, we can ensure a healthier and safer future for our furry friends.
1. Lack of Essential Nutrients: The use of fillers instead of the necessary nutrients that your dog needs to thrive are typically high in carbohydrates and lack essential proteins, vitamins, and minerals. This nutritional deficiency can impact your dog’s physical and mental well-being, leading to lethargy, weakened immune system, and an array of behavioural problems.
2. Hyperactivity and Aggression: Diet plays a crucial role in a dog’s behaviour. Feeding your dog food that contains excessive levels of artificial additives, preservatives, and food colourings can trigger hyperactivity and restlessness. The lack of proper nutrition and an imbalanced diet can contribute to irritability, anxiety, and even aggression in some cases.
3. Digestive Issues: Poor-quality ingredients and fillers can upset your dog’s digestive system. Digestive issues like diarrhoea, constipation, and excessive gas can be signs that your dog’s current diet is not suitable for their optimal gut health. These digestive problems can lead to discomfort and subsequently affect your dog’s behaviour, causing irritability and mood swings.
4. Skin Problems and Itching: Many dog foods contain low-quality protein sources and unhealthy fats that can lead to skin issues, such as dryness, itchiness, and inflammation. Uncomfortable skin conditions can cause your dog to scratch excessively, leading to behavioural changes like restlessness, irritability, and difficulty in focusing.
5. Poor Dental Health: The quality of your dog’s food can significantly impact their dental health. Foods lacking in the necessary texture and quality to promote good oral hygiene and can lead to dental diseases, including gum infections and tooth decay, which can cause pain and discomfort. These discomforts can manifest in behavioural changes like aggression, reluctance to eat, and increased irritability.
Conclusion: Feeding your dog cheaper dog food may seem like a money-saving option initially, but the long-term consequences can outweigh the short-term benefits. Poor nutrition resulting from low-quality ingredients can lead to a range of behavioural issues, including hyperactivity, aggression, digestive problems, skin issues, and poor dental health. It is crucial to prioritise your dog’s nutritional needs by investing in high-quality dog food that provides a balanced diet to ensure their overall well-being and behaviour stability.
Choosing the best types of food to feed your dog is essential for their overall health and well-being. While individual dietary needs may vary based on factors such as age, breed, and any underlying health conditions, here are some general guidelines for selecting high-quality dog food:
1. Look for Complete and Balanced Formulas: Ensure that the dog food you choose is labelled as “complete and balanced” by reputable organisations.
2. Real Meat as the Main Ingredient: Check the ingredient list and look for real meat, such as chicken, beef, lamb, or fish, listed as the primary ingredient. Dogs are carnivores by nature and require a high-quality protein source to thrive.
3. Avoid Fillers and By-products: Steer clear of dog foods that contain fillers like corn, wheat, and soy. These ingredients offer little nutritional value and are often used as inexpensive fillers. Similarly, avoid foods that contain meat by-products, as they are less desirable protein sources compared to whole meats.
4. Whole Grains and Vegetables: While dogs primarily need animal-based protein, some whole grains and vegetables can provide additional nutritional benefits. Look for dog foods that include wholesome sources of carbohydrates like brown rice, sweet potatoes, and peas.
5. Natural Preservatives and Additives: Opt for dog foods that use natural preservatives like mixed tocopherols (vitamin E) instead of artificial ones like BHA, BHT, and ethoxyquin. Additionally, avoid foods with excessive artificial colours, flavours, and additives, as these are unnecessary and can potentially trigger allergies or behavioural issues.
6. Consider Specific Dietary Needs: If your dog has specific dietary needs due to allergies, sensitivities, or health conditions, consult with an independent veterinarian to determine the best food options. They may recommend specialised diets that are grain-free, limited ingredient, or formulated for specific health concerns.
7. Wet vs. Dry Food: Both wet and dry dog food can be part of a balanced diet. Wet food generally has higher moisture content and can be beneficial for dogs who don’t drink much water or have dental issues. Dry food, on the other hand, can help maintain dental health and is often more convenient. Some pet owners even opt for a combination of both, offering wet food as a topper or occasional treat.
Remember, always transition your dog to a new food gradually to avoid digestive upset. Consult with your canine nutritionist for personalised recommendations based on your dog’s specific needs and monitor their health and behaviour to ensure they are thriving on their chosen diet.
Facts about the top 5 UK brands:
Royal Canin: Royal Canin is a popular dog food brand in the UK, known for its extensive range of breed-specific and life stage-specific formulas. The company is owned by Mars, Incorporated, a global food and pet care company. In 2013 they issued a voluntary recall in for specific batches of their dry dog food formulas due to potential salmonella contamination.
Hill’s Science Diet: Hill’s Science Diet is a widely recognised brand that offers a variety of dog food options tailored to specific health needs. The brand is owned by Colgate-Palmolive Company, a multinational consumer products company. IN 2019 they voluntarily recalled several of their canned dog food products due to elevated levels of vitamin D. James
Wellbeloved: James Wellbeloved is a well-regarded dog food brand in the UK, known for its hypoallergenic formulas suitable for dogs with food sensitivities. The brand is owned by Mars, Incorporated. No major recalls or issues reported in the UK in the past 10 years.
Burns Pet Nutrition: Burns Pet Nutrition is a family-owned business that focuses on producing natural and holistic dog food. The brand is known for using high-quality ingredients and avoiding artificial additives. No major recalls or issues reported in the UK in the past 10 years.
Lily’s Kitchen: Lily’s Kitchen is a premium dog food brand that prides itself on using natural, organic ingredients. The brand offers a range of wet and dry dog food options. Lily’s Kitchen was founded by Henrietta Morrison and is now owned by Nestlé Purina PetCare, a subsidiary of Nestlé. In 2018 for specific batches of their dog food products. The recall was initiated due to potential elevated levels of vitamin D.
How do I choose the best for my dog?
Its a difficult to navigate the minefield of dog food so I have attached a link below to ‘All about dog food’. They are a comprehensive website dedicated to providing pet owners with detailed and unbiased information about dog food products available in the market. The website offers a wealth of resources and tools to help dog owners make informed decisions when it comes to choosing the best food for their furry companions. Their website features a user-friendly interface, making it easy to navigate and find the information needed. It provides a wide range of articles, guides, and reviews that cover various aspects of dog food, including ingredients, nutritional content, manufacturing processes, and brand comparisons. One of the good features of “All About Dog Food” is its comprehensive dog food directory. This directory allows you to search for specific dog food products and access detailed information about their ingredients, nutritional analysis, and user ratings. It also provides a unique rating system called the “Dog Food Directory Rating” that evaluates each product based on its quality and nutritional value. If that isn’t enough they regularly update their content to keep up with the latest research, industry news, and recalls. This ensures that you have access to the most up-to-date and reliable information to make informed decisions about their dogs’ diets. It is valuable resource for those seeking reliable information, guidance, and recommendations on choosing the best dog food for their pets.
As our beloved canine companions age, they may experience behavioural changes that resemble dementia in humans. Known as Canine Cognitive Dysfunction (CCD), this condition can significantly impact a dog’s behaviour, leading to confusion, disorientation, and memory loss. Understanding these changes, their causes, and exploring ways to help our furry friends cope with CCD is crucial in ensuring their well-being and quality of life.
Causes of Age-Related Behavioural Changes: Age-related behavioural changes in dogs are often the result of the natural aging process. As dogs grow older, their brains can accumulate a build up of proteins that interfere with nerve cell function. This build-up affects cognitive abilities, leading to CCD. Common behavioural changes associated with CCD include confusion, disorientation, altered sleep patterns, house soiling, and decreased social interactions.
Recognising the Signs: It is essential for us as pet owners to be vigilant in recognising potential signs of CCD. While these changes may be subtle, they should not be dismissed as typical aging. If your dog exhibits any of the following symptoms, consult with a veterinarian:
1. Disorientation: Your dog may appear lost or confused in familiar environments. 2. Social Interactions: Reduced interest in social activities, toys, or family members. 3. Sleep Disturbances: Changes in sleep patterns, such as increased daytime sleep or restlessness at night. 4. House Soiling: Forgetting house training and having accidents indoors. 5. Activity Levels: Decreased enthusiasm for exercise or play.
Ways to Help Dogs with CCD: 1. Establish a Consistent Routine: Providing a predictable routine can reduce confusion and disorientation. Stick to regular feeding, exercise, and playtimes to create a sense of stability. 2. Mental Stimulation: Engage your dog in interactive games, puzzles, and training exercises to keep their minds active and stimulated. 3. Environmental Adaptations: Make adjustments to the living environment to accommodate your dog’s changing needs. Use visual cues and landmarks to help them navigate their surroundings more easily. 4. Sensory Enrichment: Provide sensory stimulation through toys with different textures, scents, and sounds to engage your dog’s senses. 5. Balanced Diet: Opt for high-quality senior dog food that supports brain health. Supplements like antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, and B vitamins may also be beneficial (consult with your vet before introducing any new supplements).
Medication for CCD:
Selegiline is an oral medication used to treat CCD in dogs. It works by protecting nerve cells and enhancing dopamine in the brain, which can help improve cognitive function. It increases the production of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate movement, emotion, and cognition. By enhancing the production of dopamine, the drug helps protect nerve cells from damage and enhance cognitive function, which can reduce the symptoms of CCD.
Selegiline has been shown to provide some relief from CCD symptoms in dogs. Owners have reported improvements in as little as two weeks, with some dogs even showing restored mental alertness and increased social interactions. Although Selegiline is generally safe and well-tolerated, some dogs may experience side effects such as vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of appetite. If your dog experiences any of these symptoms, contact your veterinarian immediately.
Dementia and age-related behavioural changes in older dogs can be challenging for both pets and their owners. However, by recognizing the signs, providing a supportive environment, and considering appropriate medications, we can help our dogs maintain a good quality of life. Remember, early detection and intervention are key. If you suspect CCD in your aging dog, consult with a veterinarian who can provide guidance tailored to your pet’s specific needs.
Why fighting genetics is a loosing battle. It is vital to consider genetics when training dogs with bad behaviour because genetics can significantly influence a dog’s behaviour and temperament. Dogs inherit certain traits and tendencies from their parents and ancestors, which can impact their behaviour patterns, instincts, and predisposition to certain behaviours.
Understanding a dog’s genetic background can provide valuable insights into their behaviour. Certain breeds have been selectively bred for specific purposes, such as herding, guarding, or hunting, and these instincts may manifest in their behaviour. For example, a herding breed may display a strong desire to chase and nip at moving objects, like children or bicycles, which can be misinterpreted as aggression or bad behaviour.
By considering a dog’s genetic predispositions, we can tailor our training methods and techniques accordingly. For example, a dog with a high prey drive may benefit from structured and consistent training that focuses on redirecting their natural instincts in a positive way.
Furthermore, understanding a dog’s genetics can help us set realistic expectations and avoid frustration. Some behaviours may be more challenging to modify due to genetic factors. It’s important to remember that while training can have a significant impact, it cannot completely override a dog’s genetic predispositions.
Overall, considering genetics when training dogs with bad behaviour allows us to develop a more comprehensive and effective training plan that takes into account the dog’s natural instincts and actually use these to our benefit, leading to better outcomes and a deeper understanding of the dog’s behaviour.
Here are the top 5 issues we get calls for.
1. Destructive Chewing: – Provide plenty of appropriate chew toys and rotate them regularly to keep your dog engaged. – Dog-proof your home by removing valuable or hazardous items from your dog’s reach. – Supervise your dog and redirect their chewing behaviour to appropriate toys when they start chewing on something they shouldn’t.
2. Excessive Barking: – Identify the triggers for your dog’s barking and work on desensitizing them to those triggers through gradual exposure and positive reinforcement. – Provide mental and physical stimulation for your dog through regular exercise and interactive toys. – Teach your dog a “quiet” command using positive reinforcement training techniques
3. Separation Anxiety: – Gradually desensitize your dog to your departures by practicing short absences and gradually increasing the time. – Create a safe and comfortable space for your dog when you’re away, such as a crate or a designated area. – Use positive reinforcement training techniques to reward calm behaviour when you leave and return.
4. Lead Reactivity:
– Identify the stimulus, is it the lead? cars? movement? people? dogs? etc – Gradually desensitize your dog to the presence of the stimuli by using counter-conditioning techniques. – Use a front-clip harness or head collar to give you more control and prevent pulling. – Seek professional help from a qualified dog trainer or behaviourist to address lead reactivity as this can escalate to being dangerous quickly.
5. Jumping Up on People: – Teach your dog an alternative behaviour, such as sitting or offering a paw, that is incompatible with jumping. – Ignore the jumping behaviour and only reward your dog when they exhibit the desired alternative behaviour. – Consistently reinforce the desired behaviour and provide plenty of positive reinforcement for calm greetings.
Always remember that consistency, patience, and positive reinforcement are key when addressing behavioural issues in dogs. It’s important to tailor your approach to your specific dogs needs and seek professional help if you are unsure.
It is easier to pay for one session to ensure your on the right path then leaving it until the behaviour has escalated.
Christmas is a happy time for humans to get together and be merry (or argue depending on your family) But it can be a stressful and confusing time for our dogs.
Routines change, more people visit, or they are alone more often than normal, most dogs like routine and can get anxious when there are changes. On top of this they now have to cope with a tree in the house they can’t pee on, it has shiny balls all over it and nobody throws them! sometimes there are even edible things hanging there too that can’t be eaten, interesting presents they can’t chew, twinkling lights with wires that bite.
Did you know some fir trees produce oils which are mildly toxic and if ingested could cause your dog to vomit or excessively drool.
We all know there are loads of Christmas foods which are poisonous or toxic to your dog, including grapes, sultanas chocolate and raisins,
mince pies, Christmas puddings, dried fruit nuts, chocolate, even something that sound like they could be safe often aren’t. Turkey scraps could contain tiny bones which are dangerous.
This doesn’t mean we should lock ourselves away and not celebrate, it’s just something all dog owners need to be aware of so we can make sure Christmas is a happy time for our dogs too.
Dog bites over the Christmas periods are higher than any other time of the year, in the majority of cases this involves young children. Not all dogs like tiny humans, they are loud and erratic. At Christmas they can be more excited than normal, maybe they have friends over, or even relatives the dogs have never even met!
All of this on top of probably getting less physical exercise than usual as we are all busy desperately trying to prep a meal and trimmings for the whole of the Moscow state circus !
Most well-socialised family dogs can cope with the temporary craziness of Christmas – and some actually enjoy it, however for a surprisingly large number it’s stressful and worrying. A dog that is under-exercised, over stimulated, under-supervised and over-threshold is an accident just waiting to happen.
So how can we prevent the dog from biting?
Make sure they get enough exercise, (it might actually help your stress levels to escape in the fresh air for an hour. Aunt Mable won’t notice the dust behind the chair!
Supervise all interactions between children and dogs. If you can’t, then create a safe space for your dog to get away
Try and keep your dog’s routine the same as always.
Watch out for any signs your dog might be getting stressed.
Licking their lips, or parts of their bodies
Not settling
Following you around
peeing in the house
Chewing
Pacing or shaking
Whining or barking. …
Yawning, drooling,
Panting.
If you recognise the early signs then help your dog,
Give them a quiet area away from everyone. Maybe try Lick mats or a kong, with some tasty treats.
Have yourselves a merry Christmas and relax and enjoy the time with your friends and family knowing that your dogs are safe and happy too.
Pacing or shaking
Whining or barking. …
Yawning, drooling,
Panting.
If you recognise the early signs then help your dog,
Give them a quiet area away from everyone. Maybe try Lick mats or a kong, with some tasty treats.
Have yourselves a merry Christmas and relax and enjoy the time with your friends and family knowing that your dogs are safe and happy too.
UK SCENT SPORT 